1-2-3-Trading-Signal let me show you what i mean by this?

Thank you for reading the 1-2-3 Trading Signal. This is, without doubt,
one of the very best chart set up patterns you will ever see. Once you train
your eyes you will see them all over the place. At the beginning of a new
trend. At the end of a retracement. Within a trading range. Within rising or
falling trend.

Like any other pattern they are NOT 100% successful. But out of every
other pattern I have ever come across in my trading career this is by far the
most accurate and most profitable. If you want to become an expert in one
chart pattern set up, this is it!

Whilst these patterns are 95% object ional when you become an expert in
spotting them you may start to introduce a slight subjective analysis into this
pattern. But for the sake of this introduction report I am only going to discuss
a perfect, 100% objective 1-2-3 patterns.

On with the report. This is what I am going to explain to you:

1) What exactly is a 1-2-3 pattern?
2) Which charts and time frames do they exist?
3) The entry “trick”
4) The exit
5) Conclusion
6) Products

You will find this report quite small, compared to my other writings. My
goal here is to define the 1-2-3 patterns and how to trade from it. It is not my
intention to pad the report out and charge double the price.

soon 
keep in touch

© 2002 by Mark Crisp

Conclusion of 1-2-3-Trading-Signal

Chapter 5

Conclusion:

you will know soon alot of things like Below so follow me to know it.

“I have seen the enemy and it is me”

I've been around and around in my trading career. I started off simply
following trends in stocks with sound money management rules. Guess what?
I made money.

Then I embarked on a quest to find the Holy Grail of trading. I attended
literally dozens of seminars. Sadly I have bought many $3,000+ black boxes
trading systems. Purchased hundreds of trading books, reports, files, tapes,
CD's. You name it I probably have it.

JUNK! 99.5% of what I have read, seen, heard or tried simply does not
make money in the stock/futures market. It's all smoke and mirrors to simply
disguise the fact you have been ripped off.

What I have learned:

* No MAN ALIVE, or system on earth can ever, or will ever be able to
predict the future market behavior. If someone tells you they can RUN
AWAY!

* Simplicity is the key. Complicated technical systems are trying to baffle you
into parting with your $$$'s. B*S baffles brains.

* Systems have three main components: 1) trade entry/exit rules. 2) Money
management 3) Trader psychology
95% of traders will put them in the order I wrote above (i.e. in order of
importance.)

I realize now the order of importance is:

1) Trader psychology. If you do not have the correct mindset you are
doomed to failure. Most traders I come across are seeking a get rich quick
scheme. Or wish to make money in the markets with no effort. Then they
wonder why their account is sinking faster than the Titanic. They jump
into the markets with little or no stock market/trading education but expect
to compete with the big boys. Get this. If you enter the stock market with
no education then you are treating it as a gamble. If you gain an education,
test, and adopt a more professional stance, then you are treating it as a
business. Who makes money? Gamblers or business people? It is no
different in the stock market.
2) Money management rules. I could trade solely on money management
rules and come out ahead. I spend most of my time in this area now. It's
that important. I have adopted a much more business like approach to my
trading. The results and MY LIFE have improved dramatically.

3) Trade system: I have my simple systems now. They may need a little
tweaking from time to time but I will not spend any more time seeking out the
Holy Grail trading system. (if you find it... don't tell me about it)

* Trading Really Is a Great Business:

But only when you remove the stress. I've been there when I was hanging
onto every twist and turn of the market. Trading from emotion. Getting
excited about winners and down about losses. Looking back it was not a good
phase of my life. The stress levels were far too high. I gave up hobbies,
friends, social life. I was forever anxious about what might happen to my
positions. Had I have carried on this way I would have been dead or on the
trading scrap heap.

But adopting a more business like approach to trading. Taking time to relax
and plan my trades. Developing the correct mental posture in order to win.
Using sound money management techniques then it actually does become
enjoyable.

You can make your trading career as big as or as small as you wish. Want to
simply manage your own retirement capital? Then trade in the evenings. Or
trade weekly charts and manage your trading account on a Sunday evening.

Want to trade full time? Great. Make sure you have sufficient knowledge capital and experience to do this. Why not?

Want to create a trading empire? It can be done. Get a solid track record, get
some business plans drawn up then go for it.

It can be as big or as small a venture as you are willing to take it.

Good luck and keep learning the stock market business.
Sincerely
Mark Crisp

© 2002 by Mark Crisp

Table of Contents for 10 Cash Flow Strategies for a Successful Business

10 Cash Flow Strategies for a Successful Business

Strategy 1: Get your pricing right
Strategy 2: Reduce your cost of goods sold
Strategy 3: Control your expenses
Strategy 4: Manage your debtors
Strategy 5: Manage the stock
Strategy 6: Don’t pay too much or too early
Strategy 7: Prepare 3 month cash flow plans
Strategy 8: Get the most out of your assets
Strategy 9: Tax problem or cash flow problem
Strategy 10: Reduce owner’s salary or drawings

you can find  more about it  below:-

 the first part here 

 the second part here

by Scott Richards of Beyond the Numbers

10 Cash Flow Strategies for a Successful Business part one

 Strategy 1: Get your pricing right

Determining the price to charge for a product is frustrating for most businesses. However, getting your pricing strategy right is
critical to your success in business because it affects many areas of your business. The pricing strategy impacts the type of
customers attracted to your business, the quantity of product sold, how the product is perceived, product promotion and your
profit.
There is no single way of determining the best pricing strategy for your business. The following is a list of factors that you may

consider when developing your pricing strategy:

*  The type of customers you are targeting.
*  The positioning of your products in the market.
*  The relationship between the price and quantity sold.
*  How you will promote your products.
*  How you will distribute your products.
*  The costs associated with your products including the fixed and variable costs.
*  Your competitors and their pricing decisions.
*  The objective of your pricing strategy.
*  The method of calculating price.

Strategy 2: Reduce your cost of goods sold

This strategy complements the first strategy ‘get your pricing right’. The gross profit margin is
the difference between the price you sell your product for and the price you paid for it.
Increasing the margin between the two will increase your profit and your cash flow. There are
two ways to increase your gross profit margin: increase your price (as discussed in strategy 1)
and/or decrease the cost of goods sold. The cost of goods sold is the cost of the product to you
that was sold to your customers.

Examples of ways to reduce your costs of goods sold:

* Negotiate with your suppliers for a better price if you buy in bulk. Only use this strategy if you
can turn over the stock quickly.
* Negotiate with your suppliers for a discount if you pay early if there isn’t a discount already in
place.
* Shop around with other suppliers to ensure you are getting the best value (this is not
necessarily the best price).
* Purchase new equipment or implement new processes to produce the goods more efficiently.

 Strategy 3: Control your expenses

Regularly review your expenses by comparing them against your budget and prior periods. If an expense is greater than budgeted
or than the previous year then investigate the reason for the increase.

Examples of how to control your expenses:

* Compare expenses against your budget.
* Compare expenses against the previous year or period.
* Compare expenses as a percentage of sales.
* Train your employees to be thinking about how expenses can be reduced. Reward them for
ideas that reduce expenses. Rewards don’t have to always be monetary. Be creative with the
reward system.
* Review the transaction listing to understand each expense.
* Prepare regular financial reports.
* Require quotes from various suppliers.
* Rearrange annual payments into small payments. This generally costs more and should only
be used when needed. Revert back to annual payments once you are able.
* Implement performance measures to monitor your expenses. For example, measure the costs
of vehicles on a cents per kilometre basis.

Strategy 4: Manage your debtors

A sale isn’t a sale until the money is in the bank. A well managed debtors system is
critical for a successful business. Ensure your debtors system has preventative
measures as well as a step by step plan to recover overdue accounts.

Some examples of how to improve the debtors system:

* Credit checks for all new customers.
* Receiving deposits on signing of contract.
* Discounts offered for early payment.
* Make it as easy to pay as possible. Offer to take credit card details to move the
risk to the credit card company.
* Send out invoices immediately.
* Bank regularly.
* Regularly review aged receivable report and consistently follow a step by step
plan to follow up overdue accounts.
* If the customer cannot pay the whole amount, be flexible and arrange a
payment plan. Take the first payment straight away while on the phone by asking them to pay by credit card.

Strategy 5: Manage the stock

Controlling how much stock is on hand can be both an art and a science. Not enough stock will lead to lost revenue. Too much
stock can impact on cash flow. I have seen how both can have a major impact on profit and cash flow. For example, a retailer
increased the amount of stock on hand and sales increased dramatically when customers saw the availability of products. This is
more the exception than the norm. Generally, businesses have too much stock that is tying up valuable resources. One possible
reason is that the owner doesn’t want to realise a loss on the sale of the stock. However, they have not considered the hidden costs
by holding onto old stock such as missed opportunities due to poor cash flow and shelf space that could be used by a fast moving
product. Knowing what the right stock level for your business may require some trial and error. However, with a good accounting
program you will be able to make an educated guess about how much stock to carry.

Examples of how to improve stock control:

* Monitor stock regularly. Use ratios such as inventory turnover and days inventory to compare to previous periods and industry
standards.
* Clear old and outdated stock by packaging together or discounting.
* Don’t buy too much stock even if a discount is offered if it will take an extended time to sell.
* Conversely, for fast moving stock, buy in bulk to receive a discount.
* Focus on a ‘just in time’ ordering system to save build up of stock.
* Set minimum and maximum levels of stock and stay within these levels

after you read this this article, you may see the second part here

by Scott Richards of Beyond the Numbers

Cash Flow Strategies for a Successful Business part two

before  you read this this article ,you may  see the first part here 

 Strategy 6: Don’t pay too much or too early

Ensure you have a step by step purchasing procedure that is followed and monitored. Lack of proper procedures and monitoring
may lead to purchasing too much, paying for undelivered goods or overpayments. For example, it is common for payments to be
made on a statement and yet not have an invoice to verify the purchase. In my experience this can be the cause of overpayments.

Examples of how to improve purchasing and creditor payments include:

* A purchase order system that has two signatures for accountability.
* A system for requesting quotes for new products or for previously purchased products every six months.
* A procedure for receiving goods.
* A procedure for payment of goods that requires the purchase order, delivery docket, invoice and statement. The level of
paperwork required may vary depending on the size of your business.
* Always pay your creditors on the day the invoice is due. Do not pay early or late.
* Negotiate longer payment terms or a payment plan if the business is struggling.
*  Negotiate discount for early or up-front payment.

Strategy 7: Prepare 3 month cash flow plans

Cash flow is all about timing. A business can be profitable and still have cash flow problems. For example, ABC bought stock for
$5,000 in February. They paid for the stock at the end of March. The stock was sold to XYZ for $10,000 in April and they received the
money for the sale in June. In April ABC has recorded a profit of $5,000. However, the profit doesn’t hit the bank till two months later.

Prepare a three month cash flow budget. A cash flow budget includes all the expected cash inflows for the month less all the
expected outflows for the month. I prefer to prepare 3 month cash flow budgets as opposed to yearly cash flow budgets which I
found needed updating within a couple of months of preparing them. Any excess cash should be transferred to a high interest
bank account that can be easily accessed when it is needed. See below for an example of a cash flow budget.

 Strategy 8: Get the most out of your assets

Assets that are not producing a reasonable return on investment and
do not have any foreseeable benefit in the future should be sold.
These assets are tying up valuable capital that could be used
elsewhere in the business. You may have to pass on a great
opportunity because your cash is tied up in an unproductive asset.

Review your assets for the need to upgrade. If there is a more efficient
option available and it makes economic sense then upgrade to the
more productive asset.

When purchasing an asset weigh up the benefits and costs of both
purchasing and leasing. The better option may not be the same each
time. Seek independent professional advice.

Strategy 9: Tax problem or cash flow problem?

Legitimately reduce your tax until the benefits no longer outweigh the costs. Don’t use all
your energy on reducing tax, instead focus on improving your business. Always seek advice
from your tax accountant before the end of the financial year to minimise your tax. It’s usually
too late after the year has ended.

Sometimes there is the belief by business owners that they have a tax problem when they in
fact have a cash flow problem. Work out how much tax you paid in the previous year as a
percentage of sales. If the tax paid was 10% of your sales then put 10% of your sales into a
separate account that returns high interest. If your business has had a significant increase or
decrease in its profit then adjust the percentage up or down depending on the change. 

Strategy 10: Reduce owner’s salary or drawings

One common problem in small businesses, especially those with poor financial reporting, is the owners withdrawing more cash
than the business is generating. The owners may be taking a wage that is in excess of the business’s profit or may withdraw money
out of the business bank account for personal expenses without consideration for future business cash outflows. This can destroy a
business very quickly.

As the business owner you need to find the balance between reinvesting the profits to grow your business and enjoying the
rewards of your hard work now. This balance will depend on your individual circumstances. A new business will need to reinvest
more of its profits to grow compared to a mature business. I would recommend that a regular wage that is less than the expected
profit is withdrawn and that the business account is not used for personal expenses. The regular wage should be based on a
personal budget.

by Scott Richards of Beyond the Numbers

How to manage your risk

Risk Management

 

Once you have the facts it is decision time. You can choose to do nothing or seek to reduce the exposures or to hedge them in whole or in part. The unforgivable sins are to fail to consider the risks or fail to act on any decisions.

The risk culture of your business is critical and must be established at the most senior level. Above all it calls for honesty. Too often individuals are criticized for decisions that, at the time, were in tune with the organization’s perceived appetite for risk. But it is never easy to set down effective guidelines and the range of exposures for even a simple transaction can be extensive.

For example, an exporter needing to borrow to finance a sale in foreign currency may have to consider counterparty credit risk, funding risk and interest rate risk. The permutations are endless and the costs of hedging transactions to reduce or eliminate every possible exposure could potentially swallow any profit from a deal.

While losses are likely to be quantitative, the potentially infinite number of risk combinations means that the skills needed to make good decisions are usually qualitative. Even a computer programmed to consider every conceivable permutation of risks needs to be told what level of exposure is acceptable. Any program is only as good as the parameters and data fed into it by people who have themselves been conditioned by experience.

But what of the improbable, the wholly unexpected or the never-seen-before?

Effective risk management requires thinking the unthinkable. This does not in any way lessen the great value of the many sophisticated risk-management systems available. The problems come if people start to think of them, and the models they are based on, as infallible.

It is also common for the development of control systems to come after any new risk-related products. Be careful not to bet the business until the exposure is known. To be in business you must make decisions involving risk. However sophisticated the tools at your disposal you can never hope to provide for every contingency. But unpleasant surprises should be kept to a minimum.

© Forex Trading Academy.

How to manage your risk(Ask yourself)

 Ask yourself…

1- Can the risks to your business be identified, what forms do they take and are they clearly understood - particularly if you have a portfolio of activities?

2 - Do you grade the risks faced by your business in a structured way?

3 - Do you know the maximum potential liability of each exposure?

4 - Are decisions made on the basis of reliable and timely information?

 5 - Are the risks large in relation to the turnover of your business and what impact could they have on your profits and balance sheet?

6 - Over what time periods do the risks exist?

7 - Are the exposures one-off or are they recurring?

8 - Do you know enough about the ways in which you exposures can be reduced or hedged and what it would cost including the potential loss of any upside profit?

9 - Have trading and risk-management functions or decisions been adequately separated?

Where to place stops

We stop out of a trade when we no longer want to hold onto that particular position. The question that arises is: WHY do we want to get out of that trade?

There can be 2 reasons for stopping out of a trade. EITHER the market tells us that our intrinsic View or Directional Assessments itself was wrong. OR we stop out of a trade (even if we still believe in our basic Bullish or Bearish reading) because we think we can establish another position at a better level than the previous one.

The effort should be to choose a meaningful SL which is neither too close to the entry to get activated soon after entry (only to have the market go back in the original direction thereafter), nor so far away from the entry that we have no time or space left for follow up action.

The difficult part about the paragraph above is that it requires us to have a Trading Plan or Strategy and to choose our Entry much more carefully than we tend to do, in accordance with that plan.

Follow through action required we come back to the reasons for wanting to stop out. In the first case, when our directional reading has been proved wrong, we should look to enter into a trade in the opposite direction - a case of Stop-and-Reverse (SAR). It needs to be pointed out here that it is NOT necessary to SAR at the same instance and level all the time. If you are an intra-week (or longer) trader, you can enter into a reverse trade after stopping out of the original trade, allowing yourself time to reformulate your strategy

© Forex Trading Academy.

How to manage your risk(Risk and Reward)

Traders have no business trading if risk/reward analysis is not at the top of their concerns. If a trader has no idea of the potential profit return on any given trade relative to the initial risk of taking the trade at all, his long-term profitability is in question.

Of course, for every trader, the best case scenario would be to minimize the first and maximize the second. But how do you get a handle on the potential reward in any investment and the risk you might be taking on?

Technical analysis – what’s popularly called charting – can help traders evaluate both risk and reward. The technical indicators used to read the charts will give you the simplest kind of picture you can get of a currency’s performance.

Simply by placing your support and resistance and by looking at the past performance of a currency you can get a record of its closing price over time. Once all of the elements are in place for an analysis, you can calculate your pips difference and verify, depending on the trend of the market, if you will make more profit or loss and if it is after all worth the position.

For example, if the market is in a bullish situation, you need to have a higher pips difference between your buy-stop order and your resistance price than between your support price and your buy-stop order so that your reward will be maximize and your risk will be minimize.

In each case, upside (bullish) or downside (bearish), the tools of technical analysis will tell you important things about risk and reward. Don’t trade without them.

© Forex Trading Academy

Fundamental Analysis (Forex Value Dates)

All Forex quotes are typically based on settlement business days after the transaction was executed (the one major exception being the USD/Canadian Dollar which settles after one business day). Theoretically a currency trader will take physical delivery of the currency in two days; however, delivery is avoided by rolling the positions forward one day, usually referred to as Tomorrow Next Day (Tom Next) procedures. The newly opened position is assigned a new value date allowing the client to hold this position another day without taking delivery of the currency.

The Tom Next rate is determined by the respective difference in interest rates between the two currencies held. If a trader is long a high interest currency and short a low interest currency he will earn interest for one day. If a trader is holding the foreign currency with the lower rate of interest he will pay interest. These payments are received during the establishment of the new opening rate, in the form of a slightly better or worse price after the roll (swap) has taken place.

During the roll procedure all open positions are closed at the current market rate, and any unrealized profits or losses are realized. This new rate is determined by the price the position was closed out at plus or minus the Tom Next rate. If a trader is flat e.g. long €2 million EUR/USD and short €2 million EUR/USD it is not necessary to roll positions.

© Forex Trading Academy

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loans

Forex Market

Fundamental Analysis

 Introduction

Why Trade Forex??!!!

The future is coming quickly upon us; very soon millions will be on the Internet trading foreign currency. Forex trading is gaining momentum now, as the word goes out that is a SAFE market to trade in.

The major reasons why Forex trading is catching on to the individual trader are Safety, Liquidity, Trade when you wish, guaranteed stop losses, and it’s fun.
You do not have to sit in front of your computer all day long to trade the Forex, although once you see the power of Forex trading you might want to. Our teaching methods will show you the correct entry and exit points. All you have to do is glance at the charts occasionally to see if correct entry point is approaching, and if it is then get in on the trade. We will even show you how to leave your computer and have your trade be closed automatically at the level that you wish.

Everything you need to trade in the Forex market will be provided to you. You will be able to participate in the trading seminars, listen and watch experienced traders in our system live to your computer.

The world is getting more complex, but getting smaller at the same time. The Internet has made information accessible to anyone on the planet. We urge you to educate yourself in the techniques of 1st Forex trading academy, as it is already becoming the best way to increase your income from your own computer.

Don’t be the one that says, «Forex, I could have been in that.» It’s time for 1st Forex Trading Academy to teach you how to make money with money. After all, when you boil it down, that is what currency trading really is.

Forex fits into your trading plan than gets started. Don’t be surprised that you can use various trading vehicles in the world of Forex.

© Forex Trading Academy

Advantage of Forex Currency Trading( Fundamental Analysis)

Foreign Exchange trading (also called Forex, FX, or currency trading) describes trading in the many currencies of the world. It is the largest and least regulated market providing the greatest liquidity to investors. Daily volume in the currency markets is around $1.6 trillion. By comparison, the NYSE daily volume averages $25 billion a day.

The spot Forex market is the most liquid. Spot, meaning that trades are settled within two banking days. There is no central exchange of physical location. Trading takes place over-the-counter, 24-hours a day directly between the two telephones and computer.

Participants in Forex include central banks, corporations, individual investors and speculators, and hedge funds. With the advent of electronic trading platforms, self-directed investors and smaller financial firms now have access to the same liquidity as larger market participants.

Trading, or speculation, makes up 95% of the daily volume. The other 5% of daily volume consists of governments and commercial companies converting one currency into another from buying and selling goods and services.

© Forex Trading Academy

Description( Fundamental Analysis)

Fundamental analysis requires, among other things, a close examination of the Forex in order to determine its current financial strength, future growth and profitability prospects, and current management skills, in order to estimate whether the currency price is undervalued or overvalued.

A good deal of reliance is placed on annual and quarterly earnings reports, the economic, political and competitive environment facing the country, as well as any current news currency or rumors relating to the economy. Simply put, fundamental analysis concerns itself with the «basics» of the business in assessing the worth of a currency. Fundamental analysis may be the preferred method to use for mid to longer term investors. However, it is not suitable for use by day traders because of the amount of research required, and the fact that trades are entered into and exited within a very short time frame.

At its broadest, Fundamental Analysis studies any data that might be expected to impact the price or perceived value of a currency, other than analyzing the trading patterns of that Forex itself. Fundamentals include economic factors, industry-specific trends, capital market conditions, and company-specific data and qualities. Within fundamental analysis lie the equally broad concepts of quantitative analysis, where economic or company-specific numerical data are analyzed with computer software and other objective means, and qualitative analysis, which examine less tangible concepts such as technology strength and management effectiveness.

© Forex Trading Academy

Read and understand a Forex Quote ( Fundamental Analysis)

A Forex quote is always a two-sided quote with a ‘bid’ and ‘offer’. The ‘bid’ is the price at which you can sell the base currency (i.e. buy the second currency). The ‘offer’ is the price at which you can buy the base currency (i.e. sell the second currency).
As mentioned before, the first currency listed is the base currency. In the major currency pairs the US dollar is traditionally treated as the base currency this includes USD/JPY, USD/CHF and USD/CAD. In this case $1 USD (the base currency) is quoted in terms of the second currency. For example, a quote of USD/JPY = 112.25 means that one US dollar is equal to 112.25 Japanese Yen.

Among the major currency pairs there are three exceptions where the US dollar is not quoted as the base currency, the Euro (EUR), the British Pound (GBP), and the Australian Dollar (AUD). In these cases, you might see a quote such as GBP/USD = 1.8455, which means that one British Pound equals 1.8455 US dollars.

In both of the above examples the base currency becomes stronger when its price increases. For example if the USD/JPY rises from 112.20 to 113.20 the dollar is stronger because it is now worth more JPY.

Cross currencies are currency pairs that do not involve the US dollar. For example: EUR/GBP, GBP/AUD, EUR/JPY, etc. A quote of EUR/GBP at 0.6750 signifies that one Euro is equal to 0.6750 British Pounds.

© Forex Trading Academy

Forex Value Dates(Fundamental Analysis)

All Forex quotes are typically based on settlement business days after the transaction was executed (the one major exception being the USD/Canadian Dollar which settles after one business day). Theoretically a currency trader will take physical delivery of the currency in two days; however, delivery is avoided by rolling the positions forward one day, usually referred to as Tomorrow Next Day (Tom Next) procedures. The newly opened position is assigned a new value date allowing the client to hold this position another day without taking delivery of the currency.

The Tom Next rate is determined by the respective difference in interest rates between the two currencies held. If a trader is long a high interest currency and short a low interest currency he will earn interest for one day. If a trader is holding the foreign currency with the lower rate of interest he will pay interest. These payments are received during the establishment of the new opening rate, in the form of a slightly better or worse price after the roll (swap) has taken place.

During the roll procedure all open positions are closed at the current market rate, and any unrealized profits or losses are realized. This new rate is determined by the price the position was closed out at plus or minus the Tom Next rate. If a trader is flat e.g. long €2 million EUR/USD and short €2 million EUR/USD it is not necessary to roll positions.

© Forex Trading Academy

Best Times to Trade(Fundamental Analysis)

EUR/USD
During the Tokyo session, the Euro only trades 15% of all volume so it is best to start watching the Euro late in the Tokyo session. It trades 39% of all Forex volume during the London session. It can also be traded during the New York session.
GBP/USD
The pound trades extremely lightly during the Tokyo session. Start watching it near the end of the Tokyo session as it can start moving then. In the London session, GBP/USD accounts for approximately 23% of all Forex trading volume. The pound can be traded in the New York session also.
USD/JPY

During the Tokyo session, USD/JPY accounts for approximately 78% of all Forex volume. This drops to about 17% during the London session. There are occasional days when these 3 pairs make significant price moves outside the sessions which normally have the most trading volume.
News Releases / Economic Data Releases
23:50 GMT Japan Fundamentals
07:45 GMT Euro Fundamentals
13:30 GMT USA Economic Figures

During Summer Time these news release times are 1 hour earlier.

© Forex Trading Academy

Forex for Beginners,Peaks and Troughs Pring,budget shap,Strategy10,turtlerules,FTA_Fundamentals,candlestick

 Forex for  Beginners

you can find in those labels a lot of  articles that will learn you every things about your 1st steps in forex by clicking any links you like Down :-

Keywords:-1FTA_Fundamentals,candlesticks,Forex On Line Manual for Successful Trading,Six Forces of Forex,the nyse tick index and candlesticks,18 Trading Champions Share Their Keys to Top Trading Profits,Commodity Futures Trading For Beginners,Hidden Divergence,Strategy10,Trend Determination,budget shap11-12,course1lesson1,Peaks and Troughs Pring,The Way to Trade Forex,turtlerules

1- FTA_Fundamentals


2-Candlesticks For Support And Resistance 

3- Forex On Line Manual for Successful Trading

Glossary of forex Fundamentals part number one

GLOSSARY

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZA

A
Accrual - The apportionment of premiums and discounts on forward exchange transactions that relate directly to deposit swap (Interest Arbitrage) deals, over the period of each deal.

Adjustment - Official action normally by either change in the internal economic policies to correct a payment imbalance or in the official currency rate or. Adjustment - Official action normally by either change in the internal economic policies to correct a payment imbalance or in the official currency rate or.
Appreciation - A currency is said to ‘appreciate’ when it strengthens in price in response to market demand.
Arbitrage - The purchase or sale of an instrument and simultaneous taking of an equal and opposite position in a related market, in order to take advantage of small price differentials between markets.

Ask (Offer) Price - The price at which the market is prepared to sell a specific Currency in a Foreign Exchange Contract or Cross Currency Contract. At this price, the trader can buy the base currency. In the quotation, it is shown on the right side of the quotation. For example, in the quote USD/CHF 1.4527/32, the ask price is 1.4532; meaning you can buy one US dollar for 1.4532 Swiss francs.
At Best - An instruction given to a dealer to buy or sell at the best rate that can be obtained.
At or Better - An order to deal at a specific rate or better. 

B
Balance of Trade - The value of a country’s exports minus its imports.
Bar Chart - A type of chart which consists of four significant points: the high and the low prices, which form the vertical bar, the opening price, which is marked with a little horizontal line to the left of the bar, and the closing price, which is marked with a little horizontal line of the right of the bar.
Base Currency - The first currency in a Currency Pair. It shows how much the base currency is worth as measured against the second currency. For example, if the USD/CHF rate equals 1.6215 then one USD is worth CHF 1.6215 in the FX markets, the US Dollar is normally considered the ‘base’ currency for quotes, meaning that quotes are expressed as a unit of $1 USD per the other currency quoted in the pair. The primary exceptions to this rule are the British Pound, the Euro and the Australian Dollar.

Bear Market - A market distinguished by declining prices.
Bid Price - The bid is the price at which the market is prepared to buy a specific Currency in a Foreign Exchange Contract or Cross Currency Contract. At this price, the trader can sell the base currency. It is shown on the left side of the quotation. For example, in the quote USD/CHF 1.4527/32, the bid price is 1.4527; meaning you can sell one US dollar for 1.4527 Swiss francs.
Bid/Ask Spread - The difference between the bid and offer price.
Big Figure Quote - Dealer expression referring to the first few digits of an exchange rate. These digits are often omitted in dealer quotes... For example, a USD/JPY rate might be 117.30/117.35, but would be quoted verbally without the first three digits i.e. «30/35».
Book - In a professional trading environment, a ‘book’ is the summary of a trader’s or desks total positions.
Broker - An individual or firm that acts as an intermediary, putting together buyers and sellers for a fee or commission. In contrast, a ‘dealer’ commits capital and takes one side of a position, hoping to earn a spread (profit) by closing out the position in a subsequent trade with another party.
Bretton Woods Agreement of 1944 - An agreement that established fixed foreign exchange rates for major currencies, provided for central bank intervention in the currency markets, and pegged the price of gold at US $35 per ounce. The agreement lasted until 1971, when President Nixon overturned the Bretton Woods agreement and established a floating exchange rate for the major currencies.
Bull Market - A market distinguished by rising prices.
Bundesbank - Germany’s Central Bank.

C
Cable - Trader jargon referring to the Sterling/US Dollar exchange rate. So called because the rate was originally transmitted via a transatlantic cable beginning in the mid 1800’s.
Candlestick Chart - A chart that indicates the trading range for the day as well as the opening and closing price. If the open price is higher than the close price, the rectangle between the open and close price is shaded. If the close price is higher than the open price, that area of the chart is not shaded.
Cash Market - The market in the actual financial instrument on which a futures or options contract is based.
Central Bank - A government or quasi-governmental organization that manages a country’s monetary policy. For example, the US central bank is the Federal Reserve, and the German central bank is the Bundesbank.

Chartist - An individual who uses charts and graphs and interprets historical data to find trends and predict future movements. Also referred to as Technical Trader.
Cleared Funds - Funds that are freely available, sent in to settle a trade.
Closed Position - Exposures in Foreign Currencies that no longer exist. The process to close a position is to sell or buy a certain amount of currency to offset an equal amount of the open position. This will ‘square’ the position.
Clearing - The process of settling a trade.
Contagion - The tendency of an economic crisis to spread from one market to another. In 1997, political instability in Indonesia caused high volatility in their domestic currency, the Rupiah. From there, the contagion spread to other Asian emerging currencies, and then to Latin America, and is now referred to as the ‘Asian Contagion’.
Collateral - Something given to secure a loan or as a guarantee of performance.
Commission - A transaction fee charged by a broker.
Confirmation - A document exchanged by counterparts to a transaction that states the terms of said transaction.
Contract - The standard unit of trading.
Counters Currency - The second listed Currency in a Currency Pair.
Counterparty - One of the participants in a financial transaction.
Country Risk - Risk associated with a cross-border transaction, including but not limited to legal and political conditions.
Cross Currency Pairs or Cross Rate - A foreign exchange transaction in which one foreign currency is traded against a second foreign currency. For example; EUR/GBP.
Currency symbols
AUD - Australian Dollar
CAD - Canadian Dollar
EUR - Euro
JPY - Japanese Yen
GBP - British Pound
CHF - Swiss Franc
USD - American Dollar
Currency - Any form of money issued by a government or central bank and used as legal tender and a basis for trade.

Currency Pair - The two currencies that make up a foreign exchange rate. For Example, EUR/USD
Currency Risk - the probability of an adverse change in exchange rates.

D
Day Trader - Speculators who take positions in currency which are then liquidated prior to the close of the same trading day.
Dealer - An individual or firm that acts as a principal or counterpart to a transaction. Principals take one side of a position, hoping to earn a spread (profit) by closing out the position in a subsequent trade with another party. In contrast, a broker is an individual or firm that acts as an intermediary, putting together buyers and sellers for a fee or commission.
Deficit - A negative balance of trade or payments.
Delivery - An FX trade where both sides make and take actual delivery of the currencies traded.
Depreciation - A fall in the value of a currency due to market forces.
Derivative - A contract that changes in value in relation to the price movements of a related or underlying security, future or other physical instrument. An Option is the most common derivative instrument.
Devaluation - The deliberate downward adjustment of a currency’s price, normally by official announcement.

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Glossary of forex Fundamentals part number two

if  you like you can see the first part here before Continue  reading  the article

E
Economic Indicator - A government issued statistic that indicates current economic growth and stability. Common indicators include employment rates, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), inflation, retail sales, etc.

End Of Day Order (EOD) - An order to buy or sell at a specified price. This order remains open until the end of the trading day which is typically 5PM ET.
European Monetary Union (EMU) - The principal goal of the EMU is to establish a single European currency called the Euro, which will officially replace the national currencies of the member EU countries in 2002. On Janaury1, 1999 the transitional phase to introduce the Euro began. The Euro now exists as a banking currency and paper financial transactions and foreign exchange are made in Euros. This transition period will last for three years, at which time Euro notes a coins will enter circulation. On July 1, 2002, only Euros will be legal tender for EMU participants, the national currencies of the member countries will cease to exist. The current members of the EMU are Germany, France, Belgium, Luxembourg, Austria, Finland, Ireland, the Netherlands, Italy, Greece, Spain and Portugal.
 EURO - the currency of the European Monetary Union (EMU). A replacement for the European Currency Unit (ECU).
European Central Bank (ECB) - the Central Bank for the new European Monetary Union.

F
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) - The regulatory agency responsible for administering bank depository insurance in the US.
Federal Reserve (Fed) - The Central Bank for the United States.
First In First Out (FIFO) - Open positions are closed according to the FIFO accounting rule. All positions opened within a particular currency pair are liquidated in the order in which they were originally opened.
Flat/square - Dealer jargon used to describe a position that has been completely reversed, e.g. you bought $500,000 then sold $500,000, thereby creating a neutral (flat) position.
Foreign Exchange - (Forex, FX) - The simultaneous buying of one currency and selling of another.
Forward - The pre-specified exchange rate for a foreign exchange contract settling at some agreed future date, based upon the interest rate differential between the two currencies involved.
Forward Points - The pips added to or subtracted from the current exchange rate to calculate a forward price.
Fundamental Analysis - Analysis of economic and political information with the objective of determining future movements in a financial market.
Futures Contract - An obligation to exchange a good or instrument at a set price on a future date. The primary difference between a Future and a Forward is that Futures are typically traded over an exchange (Exchange- Traded Contacts - ETC), versus forwards, which are considered Over The Counter (OTC) contracts. An OTC is any contract NOT traded on an exchange.
FX - Foreign Exchange.
G
G7 - The seven leading industrial countries, being: US, Germany, Japan, France, UK, Canada, Italy.
Going Long - The purchase of a stock, commodity, or currency for investment or speculation.
Going Short - The selling of a currency or instrument not owned by the seller.
Gross Domestic Product - Total value of a country’s output, income or expenditure produced within the country’s physical borders.
Gross National Product - Gross domestic product plus income earned from investment or work abroad.
Good ‘Til Cancelled Order (GTC) - An order to buy or sell at a specified price. This order remains open until filled or until the client cancels.
H
Hedge - A position or combination of positions that reduces the risk of your primary position.
«Hit the bid» - Acceptance of purchasing at the offer or selling at the bid.I
Inflation - An economic condition whereby prices for consumer goods rise, eroding purchasing power.
Initial Margin - The initial deposit of collateral required to enter into a position as a guarantee on future performance.
Interbank Rates - The Foreign Exchange rates at which large international banks quote other large international banks.
Intervention - Action by a central bank to affect the value of its currency by entering the market. Concerted intervention refers to action by a number of central banks to control exchange rates.K
Kiwi - Slang for the New Zealand dollar.
L
Leading Indicators - Statistics that are considered to predict future economic activity.
Leverage - Also called margin. The ratio of the amount used in a transaction to the required security deposit.
LIBOR - The London Inter-Bank Offered Rate. Banks use LIBOR when borrowing from another bank.
 Limit order - An order with restrictions on the maximum price to be paid or the minimum price to be received. As an example, if the current price of USD/YEN is 117.00/05, then a limit order to buy USD would be at a price below 102. (i.e. 116.50)
Liquidation - The closing of an existing position through the execution of an offsetting transaction.
Liquidity - The ability of a market to accept large transaction with minimal to no impact on price stability.
Long position - A position that appreciates in value if market prices increase. When the base currency in the pair is bought, the position is said to be long.
Lot - A unit to measure the amount of the deal. The value of the deal always corresponds to an integer number of lots.
M
Margin - The required equity that an investor must deposit to collateralize a position.
Margin Call - A request from a broker or dealer for additional funds or other collateral to guarantee performance on a position that has moved against the customer.
Market Maker - A dealer who regularly quotes both bid and asks prices and is ready to make a two-sided market for any financial instrument.
Market Risk - Exposure to changes in market prices.
Mark-to-Market - Process of re-evaluating all open positions with the current market prices. These new values then determine margin requirements.
Maturity - The date for settlement or expiry of a financial instrument.N
Net Position - The amount of currency bought or sold which have not yet been offset by opposite transactions.
O
Offer (ask) - The rate at which a dealer is willing to sell a currency. See Ask (offer) price
Offsetting transaction - A trade with which serves to cancel or offset some or all of the market risk of an open position.
 One Cancels the Other Order (OCO) - A designation for two orders whereby one part of the two orders is executed the other is automatically cancelled.
Open order - An order that will be executed when a market moves to its designated price. Normally associated with Good ‘til Cancelled Orders.
Open position - An active trade with corresponding unrealized P&L, which has not been offset by an equal and opposite deal.
Over the Counter (OTC) - Used to describe any transaction that is not conducted over an exchange.
Overnight Position - A trade that remains open until the next business day.
Order - An instruction to execute a trade at a specified rate.
P
Pips - The smallest unit of price for any foreign currency. Digits added to or subtracted from the fourth decimal place, i.e. 0.0001. Also called Points.
Political Risk - Exposure to changes in governmental policy which will have an adverse effect on an investor’s position.
Position - The netted total holdings of a given currency.
Premium - In the currency markets, describes the amount by which the forward or futures price exceed the spot price.
Price Transparency - Describes quotes to which every market participant has equal access.
Profit /Loss or «P/L» or Gain/Loss - The actual «realized» gain or loss resulting from trading activities on Closed Positions, plus the theoretical «unrealized» gain or loss on Open Positions that have been Mark-to-Market.
Q
Quote - An indicative market price, normally used for information purposes only.
R
Rally - A recovery in price after a period of decline.
Range - The difference between the highest and lowest price of a future recorded during a given trading session.
Rate - The price of one currency in terms of another, typically used for dealing purposes.
Resistance - A term used in technical analysis indicating a specific price level at which analysis concludes people will sell.
Revaluation - An increase in the exchange rate for a currency as a result of central bank intervention. Opposite of Devaluation.
Risk - Exposure to uncertain change, most often used with a negative connotation of adverse change.
Risk Management - The employment of financial analysis and trading techniques to reduce and/or control exposure to various types of risk.
Roll-Over - Process whereby the settlement of a deal is rolled forward to another value date. The cost of this process is based on the interest rate differential of the two currencies.
Round trip - Buying and selling of a specified amount of currency.
S
Settlement - The process by which a trade is entered into the books and records of the counterparts to a transaction. The settlement of currency trades may or may not involve the actual physical exchange of one currency for another.
Short Position - An investment position that benefits from a decline in market price. When the base currency in the pair is sold, the position is said to be short.
Spot Price - The current market price. Settlement of spot transactions usually occurs within two business days.
Spread - The difference between the bid and offer prices.
Square - Purchase and sales are in balance and thus the dealer has no open position.
Sterling - Slang for British Pound.
Stop Loss Order - Order type whereby an open position is automatically liquidated at a specific price. Often used to minimize exposure to losses if the market moves against an investor’s position. As an example, if an investor is long USD at 156.27, they might wish to put in a stop loss order for 155.49, which would limit losses should the dollar depreciate, possibly below 155.49?
Support Levels - A technique used in technical analysis that indicates a specific price ceiling and floor at which a given exchange rate will automatically correct itself. Opposite of resistance.
Swap - A currency swap is the simultaneous sale and purchase of the same amount of a given currency at a forward exchange rate.
Swissy - Market slang for Swiss Franc.

T

Technical Analysis - An effort to forecast prices by analyzing market data, i.e. historical price trends and averages, volumes, open interest, etc.
Tick - A minimum change in price, up or down.
Tomorrow Next (Tom/Next) - Simultaneous buying and selling of a currency for delivery the following day.
Transaction Cost - The cost of buying or selling a financial instrument.
Transaction Date - The date on which a trade occurs.
Turnover - The total money value of all executed transactions in a given time period; volume.
Two-Way Price - When both a bid and offer rate is quoted for a FX transaction.
U
Unrealized Gain/Loss - The theoretical gain or loss on Open Positions valued at current market rates, as determined by the broker in its sole discretion. Unrealized Gains’ Losses become Profits/Losses when position is closed.
Uptick - A new price quote at a price higher than the preceding quote.
Uptick Rule - In the US, a regulation whereby a security may not be sold short unless the last trade prior to the short sale was at a price lower than the price at which the short sale is executed.
US Prime Rate - The interest rate at which US banks will lend to their prime corporate customers.
V
Value Date - The date on which counterparts to a financial transaction agree to settle their respective obligations, i.e., exchanging payments. For spot currency transactions, the value date is normally two business days forward. Also known as maturity date.
Variation Margin - Funds a broker must request from the client to have the required margin deposited. The term usually refers to additional funds that must be deposited as a result of unfavorable price movements.
Volatility (Vol) - A statistical measure of a market’s price movements over time.

W

Whipsaw - Slang for a condition of a highly volatile market where a sharp price movement is quickly followed by a sharp reversal.

Y
Yard - Slang for a billion.

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

 What is a Limit order?
A limit order is an order with restrictions on the maximum price to be paid or the minimum price to be received. As an example, if the current price of USD/YEN is 117.00/05, then a limit order to buy USD would be at a price below 102. (i.e. 116.50).
What is a Stop Loss order?
A stop loss order is an order type whereby an open position is automatically liquidated at a specific price. Often used to minimize exposure to losses if the market moves against an investor’s position. As an example, if an investor is long USD at 156.27, they might wish to put in a stop loss order for 155.49, which would limit losses should the dollar depreciate, possibly below 155.49?
What is a Position order?
Position orders are directly related to individual positions. These orders are only active for as long as the position remains open and can be a stop loss or limit order.
What is Foreign Exchange?
The Foreign Exchange market, also referred to as the «Forex» market, is the largest financial market in the world, with a daily average turnover of approximately US$1.2 trillion. Foreign Exchange is the simultaneous buying of one currency and selling of another. The world’s currencies are on a floating exchange rate and are always traded in pairs, for example Euro/Dollar or Dollar/Yen.
Where is the central location of the FX Market?
FX Trading is not centralized on an exchange, as with the stock and futures markets. The FX market is considered an Over the Counter (OTC) or ‘Interbank’ market, due to the fact that transactions are conducted between two counterparts over the telephone or via an electronic network.

Who are the participants in the FX Market?
The Forex market is called an ‘Interbank’ market due to the fact that historically it has been dominated by banks, including central banks, commercial banks, and investment banks. However, the percentage of other market participants is rapidly growing, and now includes large multinational corporations, global money managers, registered dealers, international money brokers, futures and options traders, and private speculators.
When is the FX market open for trading?
A true 24-hour market, Forex trading begins each day in Sydney, and moves around the globe as the business day begins in each financial center, first to Tokyo, then London, and New York. Unlike any other financial market, investors can respond to currency fluctuations caused by economic, social and political events at the time they occur - day or night.
 What are the most commonly traded currencies in the FX markets?
The most often traded or ‘liquid’ currencies are those of countries with stable governments, respected central banks, and low inflation. Today, over 85% of all daily transactions involve trading of the major currencies, which include the US Dollar (USD), Japanese Yen (JPY), Euro (EUR), British Pound (GBP), Swiss Franc (CHF), Canadian Dollar (CAD) and the Australian Dollar (AUD).
What is Margin?
Margin is essentially collateral for a position. It allows traders to take on leveraged positions with a fraction of the equity necessary to fund the trade. In the equity markets, the usual margin allowed is 50% which means an investor has double the buying power. In the Forex market leverage ranges from 1% to 2%, giving investors the high leverage needed to trade actively.
What does it mean have a ‘long’ or ‘short’ position?
In trading parlance, a long position is one in which a trader buys a currency at one price and aims to sell it later at a higher price. In this scenario, the investor benefits from a rising market. A short position is one in which the trader sells a currency in anticipation that it will depreciate. In this scenario, the investor benefits from a declining market. However, it is important to remember that every FX position requires an investor to go long in one currency and short the other.
How are currency prices determined?
Currency prices are affected by a variety of economic and political conditions, most importantly interest rates, inflation and political stability. Moreover, governments sometimes participate in the Forex market to influence the value of their currencies, either by flooding the market with their domestic currency in an attempt to lower the price, or conversely buying in order to raise the price. This is known as Central Bank intervention. Any of these factors, as well as large market orders, can cause high volatility in currency prices. However, the size and volume of the Forex market makes it impossible for any one entity to «drive» the market for any length of time.
How do I manage risk?
The most common risk management tools in FX trading are the limit order and the stop loss order. A limit order places restriction on the maximum price to be paid or the minimum price to be received. A stop loss order ensures a particular position is automatically liquidated at a predetermined price in order to limit potential losses should the market move against an investor’s position. The liquidity of the Forex market ensures that limit order and stop loss orders can be easily executed.
What kind of trading strategy should I use?
Currency traders make decisions using both technical factors and economic fundamentals. Technical traders use charts, trend lines, support and resistance levels, and numerous patterns and mathematical analyses to identify trading opportunities, whereas fundamentalists predict price movements by interpreting a wide variety of economic information, including news, government-issued indicators and reports, and even rumor. The most dramatic price movements however, occur when unexpected events happen. The event can range from a Central Bank raising domestic interest rates to the outcome of a political election or even an act of war. Nonetheless, more often it is the expectation of an event that drives the market rather than the event itself.
How often are trades made?
Market conditions dictate trading activity on any given day. As a reference, the average small to medium trader might trade as often as 10 times a day.
How long are positions maintained?
Approximately 80% of all Forex trades last seven days or less, while more than 40% last fewer than two days. As a general rule, a position is kept open until one of the following occurs:
1) realization of sufficient profits from a position; 
2) the specified stop-loss is triggered; 
3) another position that has a better potential appears and you need these funds. 

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